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Book India Pakistan Relations Common Ground And Points Of Discord

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India - Pakistan Relations: Common Ground And Points Of Discord
Qr Code India - Pakistan Relations: Common Ground And Points Of Discord

India - Pakistan Relations: Common Ground And Points Of Discord

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Category: Land War [Edit]
Language: English
Publisher:  مركز الإمارات للدراسات والبحوث السلسلة: EMIRATES LECTURE SERIES
ISBN: 9789948144212
Release Date:
Pages: 58
Rank: 677,254 No 1 most popular
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Relations today between India and Pakistan are the consequence of centuries of interaction between the Indian local population and waves of migrations primarily from Central Asia. Over the centuries India was seen to provide a more hospitable economic environment and therefore millions chose to stay and make it their home. India’s tremendous ability to absorb, nurture and shelter foreign cultures allowed the two major communities to live in harmony and together contribute towards the great empire and prosperity experienced by India, particularly during the 16th and 17th centuries. European expansionism and the arrival of the British changed the makeup of India completely. Through the process of colonization the British sought to control the ruling classes of India at the expense of the common man and promoted two separate and often antagonistic communities, eventually leading to the partition of India in 1947. These two communities are still unable to overcome the events accompanying partition and creation of the two independent states of India and Pakistan. In addition to the reasons of religion, geography, economics, personalities, Western concepts of governance and security, there are also psychological barriers that prevent normal relations between the two communities which share so much. Each feels threatened by the other and this perceived threat takes many forms, as well as a failure to understand that disagreement between neighbors is normal and that they in fact have so much in common. It is this mutual suspicion, inability to cross-mental barriers and lack of empathy for the concerns and fears of the other – fueled by outside forces – that prevent normal relations between India and Pakistan. This lecture looks at some of the factors behind this divide as well as an assessment for the future.

تعدّ العلاقات بين الهند وباكستان حصيلة قرون من التفاعل بين سكان الهند المحليين وموجات الهجرات الرئيسية من آسيا الوسطى. وطوال مئات السنين، كان ينظر إلى الهند على أنها بيئة اقتصادية شديدة الجاذبية، مما جعل الملايين يستقرون فيها ويختارونها وطناً. وبسبب قدرة الهند الهائلة على استيعاب الثقافات الأجنبية، وتنشئتها، وحمايتها، استطاع المجتمعان الرئيسيان العيش في وئام، والإسهام معاً في بناء الإمبراطورية العظيمة وتحقيق الرخاء الذي شهدته الهند، وبخاصة في القرنين السادس عشر والسابع عشر. وبفعل التوسع الأوربي وقدوم البريطانيين، تغيرت تركيبة الهند كلياً. فمن خلال الاستعمار، سعى البريطانيون للتحكم في الطبقات الهندية الحاكمة على حساب الإنسان العادي؛ فشجعوا وجود مجتمعين منفصلين ومتخاصمين في الغالب، مما أدى في المحصلة إلى تقسيم الهند عام 1947. ومازال هذان المجتمعان غير قادرين على التغلب على الأحداث التي رافقت التقسيم وتأسيس دولتي الهند وباكستان المستقلتين. وإضافة إلى الأسباب الدينية والجغرافية والاقتصادية والشخصية ومفاهيم الغرب عن الحكم والأمن، هناك أيضاً حواجز نفسية تحول دون إقامة علاقات طبيعية بين هذين المجتمعين اللذين يتقاسمان الكثير من الأمور المشتركة؛ فكلاهما يشعر بأنه مهدد من الآخر، ويتخذ هذا التهديد المتصوَّر أشكالاً عدة؛ هذا علاوة على فشلهما في استغلال قواسمهما المشتركة، وإدراك أن الخلاف بين الجيران أمر طبيعي. هذا الشك المتبادل، وعدم القدرة على التغلب على الحواجز الذهنية، وافتقاد التعاطف مع هواجس الطرف الآخر ومخاوفه - التي تعمل على إذكائها قوى خارجية - كل ذلك يحول دون قيام علاقات طبيعية بين الهند وباكستان. من هنا تفحص هذه المحاضرة بعض العوامل الكامنة وراء هذا الانقسام، وتعرض تقييماً للمستقبل.

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