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| Author: | D Ali Muhammad Abd Allah |
| Category: | Microbiological Engineering And Microbiology [Edit] |
| Language: | Arabic |
| Publisher: | وكالة الصحافة العربية |
| Release Date: | 01 Jan 2016 |
| Pages: | 171 |
| Rank: | 374,766 No 1 most popular |
| Short link: | Copy |
| More books like this book | |
يهتم علم البحار اليوم بدراسة كل ما يتصل بالبحار والمحيطات من نواح طبيعية، كحركات المياه والرياح وتبادل الطاقة بين الجو والبحر، ونواح كيميائية أخرى ومتعددة ، ومن نواح بيولوجية، وتشمل الأحياء التي تعيش في البحر وبيئتها وتوزيعها وسلوكها والعلاقات التي تحكمها. وتشمل الدراسة الجيولوجية دراسة تركيب زمان البحار ونشأتها وعلاقتها بقشرة الأرض والتضاريس التي على قاع البحر وكذلك الرسوبيات البحرية. ويلزم الرجوع في ذلك إلى دراسات في الطبيعة الأرضية لتفهم العمليات التي تحكم نشأة قيعان المحيطات وتحرك القارات.
وينظر العالم اليوم إلى البحار والمحيطات التي تغطي ثلثي سطح الأرض نظرة تفاؤل. ففضلا عن كونها تحكم مناخ الأرض وتجعلها كوكبا صالحًا للحياة، فإن فيها آفاقًا جديدية للثروة البروتينية تسهم في توفير الغذاء لسكان العالم. ففي البحار مناجم من المعادن الثقيلة والأملاح وفيها طاقة إلى جانب البترول يبحث العالم اليوم في إمكانيات تسخيرها، هذا إلى جانب استخدام البحار في نقل التجارة والسلع وكمصدر لاستخلاص الماء العذب في المناظق الجافة، وإلى جانب اعتبار البحار وشواطئها أمكنة للترويح عن النفس وللرياضة والسياحة.
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